Part 5-1.52 Tables

Tables
- MCLs
- Monitoring
- Notification
- CT
- Misc
- ICR
Part 5-1
- Sources
- Planning ...
- Treatment
- Lead and Copper
- MCLs, ...
- Tables
- D/DPB
- Operation
- Variances

Effective Date: November 01, 2006

TABLE 1-Inorganic Chemicals And Physical Characteristics Maximum Contaminant Level Determination

Contaminants	MCL (mg/l)⁴	Determination of MCL violation
Asbestos	7.0 Million fibers/liter (MFL) (Longer than 10 microns)	If the results of a monitoring sample analysis exceed the MCL, the supplier of water shall collect one more sample from the same sampling point within 2 weeks or as soon as practical. An MCL violation for all contaminants listed in this table, except for Arsenic, occurs when the average¹ of the initial and any confirmation sample exceeds the MCL. MCL violations for Arsenic will be determined as follows: Compliance with the Arsenic MCL shall be determined based on the analytical result(s) obtained at each sampling point. For systems which are conducting monitoring at a frequency greater than annual, an Arsenic MCL violation occurs when the running annual average⁷^,⁸^,⁹ at any sampling point is greater than the MCL. If any one sample would cause the annual average to exceed the MCL at any sampling point, the system is out of compliance with the MCL immediately. Systems monitoring annually or less frequently whose sample result exceeds the Arsenic MCL⁷ must begin quarterly sampling¹⁰. The system will not be considered in violation of the MCL until it has completed one year of quarterly sampling and the running annual average⁷^,⁸^,⁹ at that sampling point is greater than the Arsenic MCL. If any one sample would cause the annual average to exceed the MCL at any sampling point, the system is out of compliance with the MCL immediately.
Antimony	0.006
Arsenic	0.01
Barium	2.00
Beryllium	0.004
Cadmium	0.005
Chromium	0.10
Cyanide (as free Cyanide)	0.2
Mercury	0.002
Selenium	0.05
Silver	0.1
Thallium	0.002
Fluoride	2.2
Chloride	250.0
Iron	0.3²
Manganese	0.3²
Sodium	No designated limits³
Sulfate	250.0
Zinc	5.0
Color	15 Units
Odor	3 Units
Bromate⁵	0.010	Compliance is based on a running annual average of monthly samples, computed quarterly. If the average of samples covering any consecutive four-quarter period exceeds the MCL, the system is in violation of the MCL and must notify the public.
Chlorite⁶	1.0	Compliance is based on an average of each three-sample set taken in the distribution system in accordance with Table 8B. If the average exceeds the MCL, the system is in violation of the MCL and must notify the public.

Table 1 Footnote 1 Rounded to the same number of significant figures as the MCL for the contaminant in question.

Table 1 Footnote 2 If iron and manganese are present, the total concentration of both should not exceed 0.5 mg/l. Higher levels may be allowed by the State when justified by the supplier of water.

Table 1 Footnote 3 Water containing more than 20 mg/l of sodium should not be used for drinking by people on severely restricted sodium diets.
Water containing more than 270 mg/l of sodium should not be used for drinking by people on moderately restricted sodium diets.

Table 1 Footnote 4 mg/l = Milligrams per liter.

Table 1 Footnote 5 Community and nontransient noncommunity systems using ozone for disinfection or oxidation must comply with the bromate standard. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving 10,000 or more people must comply by January 1, 2002. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 people, or systems using ground water must comply by January 1, 2004.

Table 1 Footnote 6 Community and nontransient noncommunity systems using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorite standard. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving 10,000 or more people must comply by January 1, 2002. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 people, or systems using ground water must comply by January 1, 2004.

Table 1 Footnote 7 Arsenic sampling results shall be reported to the nearest 0.001 mg/L.

Table 1 Footnote 8 Any sample below the method detection limit shall be calculated at zero for the purpose of determining the annual average. If a system fails to collect the required number of samples, compliance (average concentration) will be based on the total number of samples collected.

Table 1 Footnote 9 If confirmation samples are collected, the average of the initial sample and any confirmation samples will be used for the determination of compliance and future monitoring requirements.

Table 1 Footnote 10 Systems are only required to conduct the increased monitoring frequency at the sampling point where the MCL was exceeded and for only the specific contaminant(s) that triggered the system into the increased monitoring frequency.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 2-Nitrate, Nitrate, Total Nitrate/Nitrate Maximum Contaminant Level Determination

Contaminant	MCL	Determination of MCL violation
Nitrate	10 (as Nitrogen)¹	If the results of a monitoring sample analysis exceed the MCL, the supplier of water shall collect another sample from the same sampling point, within 24 hours of the receipt of results or as soon as practical.² An MCL violation occurs when the average of the two results exceeds the MCL.
Nitrite	1 (as Nitrogen)
Total Nitrate and Nitrite	10 (as Nitrogen)

Table 2 Footnote 1 An MCL of 20 mg/l may be permitted at a noncommunity water system if the supplier of water demonstrates that:

a. the water will not be available to children under six months of age;
b. a notice that nitrate levels exceed 10 mg/l and the potential health effects of exposure will be continuously posted according to the requirements of a Tier 1 notification;
c. the State will be notified annually of nitrate levels that exceed 10 mg/l; and
d. no adverse health effects shall result.

Table 2 Footnote 2 Systems unable to collect an additional sample within 24 hours must issue a Tier 1 notification and must collect the additional sample within two weeks of receiving the initial sample results.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 3-ORGANIC CHEMICALS
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL DETERMINATION

Contaminant	MCL (mg/l)	Type of water system	Determination of MCL violation
General Organic Chemicals		Community, NTNC and Noncommunity	If the results of a monitoring sample analysis exceed the MCL, the supplier of water shall collect one to three more samples from the same sampling point, as soon as practical, but within 30 days. An MCL violation occurs when at least one of the confirming samples is positive and the average of all confirming samples and the initial sample exceeds the MCL.
Principal organic contaminant (POC)	0.005
Unspecified organic contaminant (UOC)	0.05
Total POCs and UOCs	0.1

Disinfection Byproducts¹^,²		Community and NTNC	The results of all analyses per quarter must be arithmetically averaged and must be reported to the State within 30 days of the public water system's receipt of the analyses. A violation occurs if the average of the four most recent sets of quarterly samples (12-month running average) exceeds the MCL. If a system fails to complete four consecutive quarters of monitoring, compliance with the MCL will be based on an average of the available data. For systems monitoring less than quarterly, compliance must be based on an average of samples taken that year. If, during the first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's average will cause the annual average of that system to exceed the MCL the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.
Total trihalomethanes	0.08
Haloacetic Acids	0.06

		Transient Noncommunity	Not applicable.
Specific Organic Chemicals		Community, NTNC and Noncommunity	If the results of a monitoring sample analysis exceed the MCL, the supplier of water shall collect one to three more samples from the same sampling point, as soon as practical, but within 30 days. An MCL violation occurs when at least one of the confirming samples is positive and the average of the initial sample and all confirming samples exceeds the MCL.
Alachlor	.002
Aldicarb	.003
Aldicarb sulfone	.002
Aldicarb sulfoxide	.004
Atrazine	.003
Benzo(a)pyrene	.0002
Carbofuran	.04
Chlordane	.002
Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate	.006
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)	.0002
2,4-D	.05
Dinoseb	.007
Diquat	.02
Endrin	.002
Ethylene dibromide (EDB)	.00005
Heptachlor	.0004
Heptachlor epoxide	.0002
Hexachlorobenzene	.001
Lindane	.0002
Methoxychlor	.04
Methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE)	.010
Pentachlorophenol	.001
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)	.0005
Propylene Glycol	1
Simazine	.004
Toxaphene	.003
2,4,5-TP (Silvex)	.01
2,3,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)	.00000003
Vinyl Chloride	.002

Table 3 Footnote 1 Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving 10,000 or more people must comply with the disinfection byproducts standards by January 1, 2002. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 people, or systems using ground water must comply by January 1, 2004. Until then, community water systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons must comply with an MCL of 0.1 mg/L for total trihalomethanes.

Table 3 Footnote 2 A system that is installing granular activated carbon (GAC) or membrane technology to comply with the trihalomethane and haloacetic acid MCLs may apply to the State for an extension of up to 24 months past the compliance dates for those MCLs. Systems must comply with any interim measures and schedules of compliance set by the State.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 3A-Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) Determination

Disinfectant	MRDL¹ (mg/L)	Type of water system	Determination of MRDL violation
Chlorine	4.0 (as Cl₂)	Community and NTNC using chlorine or chloramines as disinfectant or oxidant	Compliance is based on a running annual arithmetic average, computed quarterly, of monthly averages of all samples collected by the system. If the running annual average exceeds the MRDL, the system is in violation and must notify the public.
Chloramines²	4.0 (as Cl₂)
Chlorine Dioxide	0.8 (as ClO₂)	Community, NTNC, and Transient Noncommunity using chlorine dioxide as disinfectant or oxidant	Public Health Hazard (Acute Violation) Compliance is based on daily samples collected by the system. If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL, and on the following day one (or more) of the three samples taken in the distribution system exceeds the MRDL, the system is in violation.
Chlorine Dioxide	0.8 (as ClO₂)		Nonacute Violation Compliance is based on daily samples collected by the system. If any two consecutive daily samples taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceed the MRDL, and all distribution system samples taken are below the MRDL, the system is in violation.

Table 3A Footnote 1 Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving 10,000 or more people must comply by January 1, 2002. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 people, or systems using ground water must comply by January 1, 2004.

Table 3A Footnote 2 In cases where systems switch between the use of chlorine and chloramines for residual disinfection during the year, compliance must be determined by including together all monitoring results of both chlorine and chloramines.

TABLE 4-ENTRY POINT TURBIDITY
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL DETERMINATION¹

Contaminant	MCL	Determination of MCL violation
Entry point turbidity (surface water and ground water directly influenced by surface water)	1 NTU² ⁴ (Monthly Average)	A violation occurs when the average of all daily entry point analyses for the month exceeds the MCL rounded off to the nearest whole number
	5 NTU ³ ⁴	A violation occurs when the average of two consecutive daily entry point analyses exceeds the MCL rounded off to the nearest whole number.

Table 4 Footnote 1 The requirements of this table apply to unfiltered systems that the State has determined, in writing pursuant to section 5-1.30 of this Subpart, must install filtration, until filtration is installed.

Table 4 Footnote 2 If the daily entry point analysis exceeds one NTU, a repeat sample must be taken as soon as practicable and preferably within one hour. If the repeat sample exceeds one NTU, the supplier of water must make State notification. The repeat sample must be used for the monthly average and the two consecutive day average.

Table 4 Footnote 3 If the two consecutive day average exceeds the MCL, the supplier of water shall analyze for microbiological contamination at a point downstream of the first consumer, but as close to the first consumer as is feasible. The additional microbiological sample should be taken within one hour as soon as feasible after determining the two consecutive day average. The supplier of water shall report the result of this microbiological analysis to the State within 48 hours of obtaining the result. The result of this analysis shall not be used for monitoring purposes.

Table 4 Footnote 4 NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Units

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 4A-Surface Water Turbidity Performance Standards ¹

Contaminant	Filtration type	Performance standard¹	Determination of treatment technique
Filtered water turbidity	Conventional filtration	0.3 NTU²^,⁴^,⁵	A treatment technique violation occurs if more than five percent of the composite filter effluent measurements taken each month exceed the performance standard values. The turbidity level of representative samples of the filtered water must at no time exceed 5.0 NTU.	The turbidity level of representative samples of the filtered water must at no time exceed 1 NTU.⁴^,⁵
	Slow sand filtration	1.0 NTU³	A treatment technique violation occurs if more than five percent of the composite filter effluent measurements taken each month exceed the performance standard values.	The turbidity level of representative samples of the filtered water must at no time exceed 5 NTU.
	Diatomaceous earth filtration	1.0 NTU³
	Alternative Filtration	1.0 NTU²^,³

Table 4A Footnote 1 The standards apply to systems with surface water sources or ground water sources directly influenced by surface water.

Table 4A Footnote 2 NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Unit.

Table 4A Footnote 3 The performance standard applies to alternative filtration technologies capable of complying with requirement of section 5-1.30(b) of this Subpart as demonstrated to the department by pilot studies, unless the department sets a turbidity performance standard for a specific system.

Table 4A Footnote 4 Systems serving 10,000 or more people must comply by January 1, 2002. If the combined filter effluent turbidity exceeds 1 NTU, the system must consult with the State in accordance with paragraph 5-1.78(d)(3) of this Subpart.

Table 4A Footnote 5 Systems serving fewer than 10,000 people must comply by January 14, 2005. If the combined filter effluent turbidity exceeds 1 NTU, the system must consult with the State in accordance with paragraph 5-1.78(d)(3) of this Subpart. Until January 14, 2005, the performance standard is 0.5 NTU and the turbidity level of representative samples of the filtered water must at no time exceed 5.0 NTU.

TABLE 5-DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM TURBIDITY
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL DETERMINATION

Contaminant	MCL	Determination of MCL violation
Distribution point turbidity	5 NTU	A violation occurs when the monthly average of the results of all distribution samples collected in any calendar month exceeds the MCL rounded off to the nearest whole number.

Effective Date: November 9, 2011

TABLE 6. Microbiological Contaminants Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)/Treatment Technique (TT) Violation Determination

Contaminant	Sample Location	MCL or TT	Performance Standard¹^,²	Determination of MCL/TT Violation³
Total coliform	Distribution Sample Sites	MCL	No positive sample.⁴	A MCL violation occurs at systems collecting 40 or more samples per month when more than 5.0 percent of the total coliform samples are positive.
Total coliform		MCL	No positive sample.⁴	A MCL violation occurs at systems collecting less than 40 samples per month when two or more samples are total coliform positive.
Escherichia coli (E. coli)		MCL	No positive sample.⁴	A MCL violation occurs when a total coliform positive sample is positive for E. coli and a repeat total coliform sample is positive or when a total coli form positive sample is negative for E. coli but a repeat total coliform sample is positive and the sample is also positive for E. coli.⁵
Fecal indicator: E. coli, and/or enterococci, and/or coliphage	Untreated Water from a Ground Water Source	TT	No fecal indicator in samples collected from raw source water from a ground water source.⁶	A TT violation occurs when a raw water sample is positive for the fecal indicator contaminant and system does not provide and document, through process compliance monitoring, 4-log virus treatment during peak flow at first customer. If repeat sampling of the raw water is directed by the State and all additional samples are negative for fecal indicator, there is no TT violation.⁶

Table 6 Footnote 1 A public water system must comply with the MCL for total coliform each month the system is required to monitor for total coliform.

Table 6 Footnote 2 All samples collected in accordance with table 11 footnotes 1, and 2 and Table 11B of this section, and samples collected in accordance with section 5-1.51(g) of this Subpart shall be included in determining compliance with the MCL unless any of the samples have been invalidated by the State.

Table 6 Footnote 3 For notification purpose, an Escherichia coli (E. coli) MCL violation is a public health hazard requiring Tier 1 notification.

Table 6 Footnote 4 See Table 13 for public notification requirements.

Table 6 Footnote 5 If any total coliform or E. coli sample is positive, repeat samples must be collected in accordance with Table 11B of this section.

Table 6 Footnote 6 If raw water source sample is fecal indicator positive, the water system, in consultation with the State, may collect an additional 5 samples within 24 hours at each source that tested fecal indicator positive. If none of the additional samples are fecal indicator positive, then there is no TT violation. Note that Tier 1 notification must be made after the initial raw water fecal indicator positive sample, even if it is not confirmed.

Effective Date: December 21, 2005

TABLE 7-RADIOLOGICAL
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL DETERMINATION¹

Contaminant	MCL	Type of water system	Determination of MCL violation
Combined radium-226 and radium-228	5 picocuries per liter	Community	A violation occurs when a sample or the annual average of samples at any sampling point exceeds the MCL.³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶^,⁷
Gross alpha activity (including radium-226 but excluding radon and uranium)	15 picocuries per liter	Community
Uranium	30 micrograms per liter	Community	A violation occurs when a sample or the annual average of samples at any sampling point exceeds the MCL.³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁶^,⁷
Beta particle and photon radioactivity from manmade radionuclides	Four millirems per year as the annual dose equivalent to the total body or any internal organ.⁸	Community Water Systems designated by the State as vulnerable	A violation occurs when a sample or the annual average of samples at any sampling point exceeds the MCL.³^,⁴^,⁵^,⁷^,⁹^,¹⁰
		Community systems designated by the State as utilizing waters contaminated by effluents from nuclear facilities

Table 7 Footnote 1 The Radionuclides Rule including the MCLs and minimum monitoring requirements applies to only community water systems.

Table 7 Footnote 2 To judge compliance with the maximum contaminant levels, averages of data shall be used and shall be rounded to the same number of significant figures as the maximum contaminant level for the substance in question.

Table 7 Footnote 3 For systems monitoring more than once per year, compliance with the MCL is determined by a running annual average at each sampling point. If the average of any sampling point is greater than the MCL, then the system is out of compliance with the MCL.

Table 7 Footnote 4 For systems monitoring more than once a year, if any sample result will cause the running average to exceed the MCL at any sample point, e.g., a single sample result is greater than four times of the MCL, the system is out of compliance with the MCL immediately.

Table 7 Footnote 5 If a system does not collect all required samples when compliance is based on a running annual average of quarterly samples, compliance will be based on the running average of the samples collected.

Table 7 Footnote 6 If a sample result is less than the detection limit, zero will be used to calculate the annual average, unless a gross alpha particle activity is being used in lieu of radium-226 and/or uranium. If the gross alpha particle activity result is less than detection and is substituted for radium-226 and/or uranium, ½ the detection limit will be used to calculate the annual average.

Table 7 Footnote 7 If the MCL for radioactivity in this Table is exceeded, the community water system must give notice to the State.

Table 7 Footnote 8 A system must determine compliance with the MCL for beta particle and photon radioactivity by using the calculation described below:
(pCi/L found in sample (from laboratory results)) / (pCi/L equivalent of 4 mrem of exposure) = fraction of the maximum 4 mrem/year exposure limit

Table 7 Footnote 9 To determine compliance with the MCL, a system must monitor at a frequency as described in Table 12.

Table 7 Footnote 10 If the results show an MCL violation for any of the constituents, the system must conduct monthly monitoring for all species at any sampling point that exceeds the MCL. Monitoring must be conducted in accordance with Table 12 in this section. A system can resume quarterly monitoring if the rolling average of three months of samples is at or below the MCL.

Table 8A. Inorganic Chemicals and Physical Characteristics
Minimum Monitoring Requirements For Asbestos

Contaminant	Type of water system	Initial Frequency by Source Type⁵		Repeat sampling and compliance
		Ground water only	Surface and groundwater
Asbestos¹	Community and NTNC	One sample at entry point by 12/31/95²^,³^,⁴	One sample at entry point by 12/31/95²^,³^,⁴	If GT MCL, one sample quarterly⁶^,⁷ If LT MCL, one sample every nine years

GT - Greater Than LT - Less than

Table 8A Footnote 1 If a system is not vulnerable to asbestos contamination, either at its source or due to corrosion of asbestos cement pipe, it is not required to monitor if granted a waiver by the state. The waiver must be renewed by the state every nine years. The basis for a waiver must include the following:

a. Lack of potential asbestos contamination of the water source
b. No use of asbestos cement pipe for finished water distribution and noncorrosive nature of the water.

Table 8A Footnote 2 If asbestos monitoring data collected after January 1, 1990 are consistent with the requirements of this table, the State may allow systems to use that data to satisfy the initial monitoring requirement beginning January 1, 1993.

Table 8A Footnote 3 If a system is vulnerable to asbestos contamination due to source water and corrosion of asbestos cement pipe or solely to corrosion of asbestos cement pipe, it shall take one sample at a tap served by asbestos cement pipe and under conditions where asbestos contamination is most likely to occur.

Table 8A Footnote 4 If a system is vulnerable to asbestos contamination due to source water only, monitoring shall be conducted as follows:

Groundwater - Collect a minimum of one sample at each entry point to the distribution system representative of each well after treatment.

Surface water - Collect a minimum of one sample at each entry point to the distribution system after any application of treatment or in the distribution system at a point which is representative of each source after treatment.

Table 8A Footnote 5 For both types of water sources the system shall take each sample at the same sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more representative of each source or treatment plant. If a system draws water from more than one source and the sources are combined before distribution; the system must sample at an entry point to the distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions when water is representative of all sources.

Table 8A Footnote 6 A system which exceeds the MCL for asbestos shall monitor quarterly beginning in the next quarter after the violation occurred.

Table 8A Footnote 7 The State may decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement to the initial sampling requirement provided that the State has determined that the system is reliably and consistently below the MCL on the basis of a minimum of two quarterly groundwater samples and a minimum of four quarterly samples for surface water.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

Table 8B-Inorganic Chemicals and Physical Characteristics
Minimum Monitoring Requirements

Contaminant	Type of water system	Initial frequency by source type³		Accelerated Sampling⁷
Contaminant	Type of water system	Ground water only	Surface only or surface and ground water	Accelerated Sampling⁷
Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cyanide Mercury Nickel Selenium Thallium Fluoride	Community and NTNC¹^,²^,⁶	One sample per entry point every 3 years by 12/31/95 ⁸	One sample per entry point per year ⁹	If GT MCL, one sample quarterly. ⁴^,⁵ If LT MCL, maintain initial frequency.
	Transient Noncommunity	State discretion¹⁰	State discretion¹⁰	State discretion¹⁰
Bromate¹¹	Community and NTNC using ozone for disinfection or oxidation	One sample per month at each entry point¹³^, ¹⁷^,	One sample per month at each entry point¹³^, ¹⁷^,	State discretion¹⁰
Chlorite¹²	Community and NTNC using chlorine dioxide for disinfection or oxidation	Daily samples at each entry point. Additional three-sample set monthly in the distribution system¹⁴^, ¹⁵^, ¹⁶^, ¹⁷^,	Daily samples at each entry point. Additional three-sample set monthly in the distribution system¹⁴^, ¹⁵^, ¹⁶^, ¹⁷^,	State discretion¹⁰

GT - Greater Than LT - Less than

Table 8B Footnote 1 A waiver from the required initial monitoring frequencies may be granted by the State, based upon the following conditions:

a. A minimum of one sample shall be collected while the waiver is effective.
b. Surface water systems must have monitored annually for at least three years and groundwater systems must have conducted a minimum of three rounds of monitoring with at least one sample taken since January 1, 1990.
c. All results must be less than the MCL.
d. New sources are not eligible for a waiver until completion of three rounds of sampling.
e. Waivers issued by the State shall be made in writing, shall cite the basis for determination and shall not exceed a maximum of nine years.

Table 8B Footnote 2 To determine the appropriate reduced monitoring frequency, the State shall consider:

a. reported concentrations from all previous monitoring.
b. variations in reported concentrations; and
c. other factors which may affect contaminant concentrations such as changes in groundwater pumping rates, changes in the system's configuration, operating procedures, stream flows or other characteristics.

Table 8B Footnote 3 For all types of water sources the system shall take each sample at the same sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more representative of each source or treatment plant. If a system draws water from more than one source and the sources are combined before distribution, the system must sample at an entry point to the distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions when water is representative of all sources, or separately at the individual sources. The State may allow systems to composite samples in accordance with the conditions in Appendix 5-C. All samples taken and analyzed in accordance with the monitoring plan must be included in determining compliance, even if the number is greater than the minimum required.

Table 8B Footnote 4 The State may decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement to the initial sampling requirement provided that it is determined that the system is reliably and consistently below the MCL on the basis of a minimum of two quarterly groundwater samples and a minimum of four quarterly samples for surface water.

Table 8B Footnote 5 If concentrations of a listed contaminant exceed the MCL, the Department requires the collection of an additional sample as soon as possible but not to exceed two weeks.

Table 8B Footnote 6 The State may require or the water system may request more frequent monitoring frequencies than is minimally required. The State, at its discretion, may require confirmation samples for positive and negative results.

Table 8B Footnote 7 The average of the initial and confirmation sample contaminant concentration at each sampling point shall be used to determine compliance with the MCL.

Table 8B Footnote 8 Systems with fewer than 150 service connections may postpone initial monitoring for antimony, beryllium, cyanide, nickel and thallium until 1998, but no later than three years after conducting its last result set of analysis for arsenic, barium, cadmium, mercury, selenium and fluoride.

Table 8B Footnote 9 Systems with fewer than 150 service connections may postpone initial monitoring for antimony, beryllium, cyanide, nickel and thallium until 1996.

Table 8B Footnote 10 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Table 8B Footnote 11 Community and nontransient noncommunity systems using ozone for disinfection or oxidation must comply with the bromate monitoring requirement. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving 10,000 or more people must comply by January 1, 2002. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 people, or systems using ground water must comply by January 1, 2004.

Table 8B Footnote 12 Community and nontransient noncommunity systems using chlorine dioxide as a disinfectant or oxidant must comply with the chlorite monitoring requirement. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving 10,000 or more people must comply by January 1, 2002. Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water and serving fewer than 10,000 people, or systems using ground water must comply by January 1, 2004.

Table 8B Footnote 13 Systems required to analyze for bromate may reduce monitoring from monthly to once per quarter, if the system demonstrates that the average source water bromide concentration is less than 0.05 mg/L based on representative monthly bromide measurements for one year. A system may remain on reduced bromate monitoring until the running annual average source water bromide concentration, computed quarterly, is equal to or greater than 0.05 mg/L. If the average bromide concentration is equal to or greater than 0.05 mg/L, the system must resume routine monthly bromate monitoring.

Table 8B Footnote 14 On each day following a sample result that exceeds the chlorite MCL at the entrance to the distribution system, the system must take three chlorite distribution system samples at the following locations: as close to the first customer as possible, in a location representative of average residence time, and in a location representative of maximum residence time. The samples comprising the three-sample set required for routine monitoring must be collected at the same three locations in the distribution system that are used when following up on a daily MCL exceedance at the entry point. The system may use results of additional monitoring, conducted as the result of an entry point MCL exceedance, to meet the requirement for routine monthly monitoring.

Table 8B Footnote 15 Daily chlorite monitoring at the entrance to the distribution system may not be reduced. Monthly chlorite monitoring in the distribution system may be reduced to one three-sample set per quarter after one year of monitoring where no individual chlorite sample taken in the distribution system has exceeded the chlorite MCL. If the system has had to conduct distribution system monitoring as a result of an MCL exceedance at the entry point, the system cannot reduce monitoring. The system may remain on a reduced monitoring schedule until either any of the three individual chlorite samples taken quarterly in the distribution system exceeds the chlorite MCL or the system is required to conduct distribution system monitoring because of an entry point chlorite MCL exceedance.

Table 8B Footnote 16 A system must monitor according to its monitoring plan as described in section 5-1.51(c) of this Subpart. Failure to monitor in accordance with the monitoring plan is a monitoring violation.

Table 8B Footnote 17 Failure to monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire period covered by an annual average where compliance is based on an annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and a system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine MCL compliance.

TABLE 8C-INORGANIC CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS-NITRATES, NITRITES

Initial Frequency by Source Type ¹ ⁶

Contaminant	Type of water system	Ground water only	Surface only or Surface and ground water	Accelerated Sampling
Nitrate	Community and Noncommunity²	One sample per entry point per year	One sample per entry point quarterly beginning 1/1/93	For Groundwater: If equal to or GT 50 percent MCL, quarterly for one year³ For Surface Water: If LT 50 percent MCL, one sample per year³ ⁴
Nitrite	Community, NTNC and Noncommunity	One sample per entry point by 12/31/95	One sample per entry point by 12/31/95	If equal to or GT 50 percent MCL, repeat quarterly for at least one year³ ⁴ If LT 50 percent MCL, sample frequency at State discretion.⁵

GT - Greater Than LT - Less than

Table 8C Footnote 1 The Department may require, or the water system may request, more frequent monitoring frequencies than is minimally required. The Department, at its discretion may require confirmation samples for positive and negative results.

Table 8C Footnote 2 Noncommunity water systems must sample annually beginning 1/1/93 regardless of the water source.

Table 8C Footnote 3 The frequency may be reduced to annual if the State determines the system's contaminant concentration is consistently and reliably less than the MCL and annual samples are collected during the quarter(s) having the highest analytical results.

Table 8C Footnote 4 A surface water shall return to quarterly monitoring if any one sample is GT 50 percent of MCL.

Table 8C Footnote 5 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Table 8C Footnote 6 For both types of water sources the system shall take each sample at the same sampling point unless conditions make another sampling point more representative of each source or treatment plant. If a system draws water from more than one source and the sources are combined before distribution, the system must sample at an entry point to the distribution system during periods of normal operating conditions when water is representative of all sources.

TABLE 8D-INORGANIC CHEMICALS AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS-OTHER CHEMICALS

Initial Frequency by and Compliance Source Type

Contaminant	Type of water system	Ground water only	Surface only or Surface and ground water	Repeat Sampling
Chloride Iron Manganese Silver Sodium¹ Sulfate Zinc Color Odor Go to MCLs	Community and NTNC	State discretion²	State discretion²	State discretion²

Table 8D Footnote 1 All community systems with sodium levels exceeding 20 mg/l will be required to sample for sodium analysis.

Table 8D Footnote 2 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 9A-ORGANIC CHEMICALS-Disinfection Byproducts
Minimum Monitoring Requirements

Contaminant	Type of water system	Routine Monitoring Frequency¹	Reduced Monitoring Frequency	Sample Locations in the Distribution System¹
Total Trihalomethanes Haloacetic Acids

	Surface Water Systems, Ground Water Systems Under the Direct Influence of Surface Water, or Combined Surface and Ground Water Systems
	Community and NTNC serving at least 10,000 persons²	Four samples per quarter per treatment plant ³^,⁴	One sample per quarter per treatment plant.³^,⁴^,⁵	At least 25% of all samples collected each quarter at locations representing maximum residence time. Remaining samples taken at locations representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system and representing the entire distribution system.⁶ If monitoring has been reduced, sample must be collected at location reflecting maximum residence time.
	Community and NTNC serving 500 to 9,999 persons⁷	One sample per quarter per treatment plant ³^,⁴	One sample per year per treatment plant during month of warmest water temperature.⁵	Location representing maximum residence time.⁶
	Community and NTNC serving fewer than 500 persons⁷	One sample per year per treatment plant collected during the month of warmest water temperature. If the sample (or average of annual samples, if more than one sample is taken) exceeds the MCL, system must increase monitoring to one sample per treatment plant per quarter.	Cannot reduce monitoring.	Location representing maximum residence time.⁶
	Transient Noncommunity	State discretion⁸	State discretion⁸	State discretion⁸

	Ground Water Systems Using Chemical Disinfectant
	Community and NTNC using chemical disinfectant and serving at least 10,000 persons	One sample per quarter per treatment plant.³^,⁴^,¹⁰	One sample per year per treatment plant during month of warmest water temperature.⁹^,¹⁰	Locations representing maximum residence time.⁶
	Community and NTNC using chemical disinfectant and serving fewer than 10,000 persons⁷	One sample per year per treatment plant during month of warmest water temperature.¹⁰ If the sample (or average of annual samples, if more than one sample is taken) exceeds the MCL, system must increase monitoring to one sample per treatment plant per quarter, taken at a point reflecting the maximum residence time in the distribution system.	One sample every three years per treatment plant.¹¹ Sample must be collected during month of the year with the warmest water temperature.	Locations representing maximum residence time.⁶
	Transient Noncommunity	State discretion⁸	State discretion⁸	State discretion⁸

Table 9A Footnote 1 A system must monitor according to its monitoring plan as described in section 5-1.51 (c) of this Subpart. Failure to monitor in accordance with the monitoring plan is a monitoring violation.

Table 9A Footnote 2 Effective January 1, 2002.

Table 9A Footnote 3 Failure to monitor will be treated as a monitoring violation for the entire period covered by an annual average where compliance is based on an annual average of monthly or quarterly samples or averages and a system's failure to monitor makes it impossible to determine MCL compliance. If a system fails to complete four consecutive quarters of monitoring, compliance with the MCL will be based on an average of the available data.

Table 9A Footnote 4 If, during the first year of monitoring, any individual quarter's average will cause the annual average of that system to exceed the MCL the system is out of compliance at the end of that quarter.

Table 9A Footnote 5 System may reduce monitoring if at least one year of samples have been collected and the annual average of total THMs is less than or equal to 0.040 mg/L and the annual average of haloacetic acids is less than or equal to 0.030 mg/L. In order to be eligible for reduced monitoring, the source water annual average total organic carbon (TOC) level, before any treatment, must be less than or equal to 4.0 mg/L. Systems on a reduced monitoring schedule may remain on that reduced schedule as long as the average of all samples taken in the year is no more than 0.060 mg/L and 0.045 mg/L for total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids, respectively. Systems that exceed these levels must resume monitoring at the routine frequency in the quarter immediately following the exceedance.

Table 9A Footnote 6 If a system elects to sample more frequently than the minimum required, at least 25% of all samples collected each quarter (including those taken in excess of the required frequency) must be taken at locations that represent the maximum residence time of the water in the distribution system. The remaining samples must be taken at locations representative of at least average residence time in the distribution system. A system must sample at locations identified in a monitoring plan approved by the State.

Table 9A Footnote 7 Effective January 1, 2004. Until then, monitoring of these systems is at State's discretion.

Table 9A Footnote 8 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Table 9A Footnote 9 System may switch from routine monitoring to reduced monitoring if at least one year of samples have been collected and the annual average of total THMs is less than or equal to 0.040 mg/L and the annual average of haloacetic acids is less than or equal to 0.030 mg/L. Systems on a reduced monitoring schedule may remain on that reduced schedule as long as the result of the sample for the year is no more than 0.060 mg/L and 0.045 mg/L for total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids, respectively. Systems that exceed these levels must resume quarterly monitoring in the quarter immediately following the exceedance.

Table 9A Footnote 10 The State may allow multiple wells drawing water from a single aquifer to be considered one treatment plant for determining the minimum number of samples required.

Table 9A Footnote 11 System may reduce monitoring if at least one year of samples have been collected and the annual average of total THMs is less than or equal to 0.040 mg/L and the annual average of haloacetic acids is less than or equal to 0.030 mg/L for two consecutive years, or if the annual average of total THMs is less than or equal to 0.020 mg/L and the annual average of haloacetic acids is less than 0.015 mg/L for one year. If a system qualifies for reduced monitoring, the three-year cycle will begin on January 1 following the quarter in which the system qualifies. Systems on a reduced monitoring schedule may remain on that reduced schedule as long as the result of the last sample is no more than 0.060 mg/L and 0.045 mg/L for total trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids, respectively. Systems that exceed these levels must resume yearly monitoring in the year immediately following the exceedance.

Effective Date: December 24, 2003

TABLE 9B-ORGANIC CHEMICALS-POCs, VINYL CHLORIDE, Methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE), UOCs, Propylene Glycol
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

Contaminant	Type of Water System	Initial requirement¹	Continuing requirement where detected ¹	Continuing requirement where not detected and vulnerable to contamination¹	Continuing requirement where not detected and invulnerable to contamination¹
Principal Organic Contaminants listed on TABLE 9D and Vinyl chloride and Methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE)⁷	Community and Nontransient Noncommunity serving 3300 or more persons	If not sampled between 1/1/88 and January 1, 1992, Quarterly sample per source for one year.⁵	Quarterly²	Annually³	Once every six years⁴ for ground water sources. State discretion⁶ for surface water sources.
	Community and Nontransient Noncommunity serving fewer than 3300 persons	If not sampled between 1/1/88 and September 30, 1993, quarterly sample per source for one year.⁵	Quarterly²	Annually³	Once every six years⁴ for ground water sources. State discretion⁶ for surface water sources.
	Noncommunity excluding NTNC	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶
Unspecified Organic Contaminants and other POCs not listed on TABLE 9C or 9D and Propylene Glycol	Community and Noncommunity	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶

Table 9B Footnote 1 The location for sampling of each ground water source of supply shall be between the individual well and at or before the first service connection and before mixing with other sources, unless otherwise specified by the State to be at the entry point representative of the individual well. Public water systems which rely on a surface water shall sample at points in the distribution system representative of each source or at an entry point or points to the distribution system after any water treatment plant.

Table 9B Footnote 2 The State may decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement to annually provided that the system is reliably and consistently below the MCL based on a minimum of two quarterly samples from a ground water source and four quarterly samples from a surface water source. Systems which monitor annually must monitor during the quarter which previously yielded the highest analytical result.

Table 9B Footnote 3 The State may reduce the frequency of monitoring of a ground water source to once every three years for a public water system which has three consecutive annual samples with no detection of a contaminant.

Table 9B Footnote 4 The State may determine that a public water system is invulnerable to a contaminant or contaminants after evaluating every three years the following factors:

(a) Knowledge of previous use (including transport, storage, or disposal) of the contaminant within the watershed or zone of influence of the system. If a determination by the State reveals no previous use of the contaminant within the watershed or zone of influence, a waiver can be granted.

(b) If previous use of the contaminant is unknown or it has been used previously, then the following factors shall be used to determine whether a waiver can be granted.

1. Previous analytical results.

2. The proximity of the system to a potential point or nonpoint source of contamination. Point sources include spills and leaks of chemicals at or near a water treatment facility or at manufacturing, distribution, or storage facilities, or from hazardous and municipal waste landfills and other waste handling or treatment facilities.

3. The environmental persistence and transport of the contaminants.

4. The number of persons served by the public water system and the proximity of a smaller system to a larger system.

5. How well the water source is protected against contamination, such as whether it is a surface or groundwater system. Groundwater systems must consider factors such as depth of the well, the type of soil, and wellhead protection. Surface water systems must consider watershed protection.

Table 9B Footnote 5 The State may reduce the initial monitoring requirement to one sample if the State determines that the system is invulnerable in accordance with footnote 4.

Table 9B Footnote 6 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Table 9B Footnote 7 The initial requirement does not apply to MTBE monitoring.

TABLE 9C-ORGANIC CHEMICALS-PESTICIDES, DIOXIN, PCBs
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

Contaminant [To MCLs]		Type of Water System	Initial requirement ¹ ²	Continuing requirement where detected ² ³ ⁹ ¹⁰	Continuing requirement where not detected ²
Group 1 Chemicals Alachlor Aldicarb Aldicarb sulfoxide Aldicarb sulfone Atrazine Carbofuran Chlordane Dibromochloropropane 2,4-D Endrin Ethylene dibromide Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Lindane Methoxychlor Polychlorinated biphenyls Pentachlorophenol Toxaphene 2, 4, 5-TP (Silvex)	Group 2 Chemicals Aldrin Benzo(a)pyrene Butachlor Carbaryl Dalapon Di(2-ethylhexyl)-adipate Di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate Dicamba Dieldrin Dinoseb Diquat Endothall Glyphosate Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene 3-Hydroxycarbofuran Methomyl Metolachlor Metribuzin Oxamyl (Vydate) Pichloram Propachlor Simazine 2,5,7,8-TCDD (Dioxin)	Community and Non-transient Noncommunity serving 3300 or more persons⁹	Quarterly sample per source, for one year by 12/31/93 ⁴	Quarterly	One sample every eighteen months per source ⁵ ⁶ ⁷
		Community and Nontransient noncommunity serving fewer than 3300 persons and more than 149 service connections	Quarterly samples per entry point, for one year by 12/31/94 ⁵ ⁶ ⁷	Quarterly	Once per entry point every three years ⁵ ⁶ ⁷
		Community and Nontransient Noncommunity serving fewer than 3300 persons and fewer than 150 service connections	Quarterly samples per entry point for one year by 12/31/95 for Group 1 and 12/31/98 for Group 2 ⁵ ⁶ ⁷	Quarterly	Once per entry point every three years ⁵ ⁶ ⁷
		Noncommunity excluding NTNC	State discretion⁸	State discretion⁸	State discretion⁸

Table 9C Footnote 1 If monitoring data collected after January 1, 1990 are consistent with the requirements of Appendix 5-C then the State may allow systems to use that data to satisfy the initial requirement. Systems serving a population of less than 3300 persons shall not be required to collect additional quarterly monitoring for a specific contaminant or contaminants, if monitoring for only one quarter prior to October 1, 1993 did not detect the presence of such contaminant or contaminats.

Table 9C Footnote 2 The location for sampling of each ground water source of supply shall be between the individual well and at or before the first service connection and before mixing with other sources, unless otherwise specified by the State to be at the entry point representative of the individual well. Public water systems which take water from a surface water body or watercourse shall sample at points in the distribution system representative of each source or at entry point or points to the distribution system after any water treatment plan.

Table 9C Footnote 3 The State may decrease the quarterly monitoring requirement to annually provided that system is reliably and consistently below the MCL based on a minimum of two quarterly samples from a ground water source and four quarterly samples from a surface water source. Systems which monitor annually must monitor during the quarter that previously yielded the highest analytical result. Systems serving fewer than 3,300 persons and which have three consecutive annual samples without detection may apply to the State for a waiver in accordance with footnote 6.

Table 9C Footnote 4 The State may allow a system to postpone monitoring for a maximum of two years, if an approved laboratory is not reasonably available to do a required analysis within the scheduled monitoring period.

Table 9C Footnote 5 The State may waive the monitoring requirement for a public water system that submits information every three years to demonstrate that a contaminant or contaminants was not used, transported, stored or disposed within the watershed or zone of influence of the system.

Table 9C Footnote 6 The State may reduce the monitoring requirement for a public water system that submits information every three years to demonstrate that the public water system is invulnerable to contamination. If previous use of the contaminant is unknown or it has been used previously, then the following factors shall be used to determine whether a waiver is granted.

a. Previous analytical results.

b. The proximity of the system to a potential point or nonpoint source of contamination. Point sources include spills and leaks of chemicals at or near a water treatment facility or at manufacturing, distribution, or storage facilities, or from hazardous and municipal waste landfills and other waste handling or treatment facilities. Nonpoint sources include the use of pesticides to control insect and weed pests on agricultural areas, forest lands, home and gardens, and other land application uses.

c. The environmental persistence and transport of the pesticide or PCBs.

d. How well the water source is protected against contamination due to such factors as depth of the well and the type of soil and the integrity of the well casing.

e. Elevated nitrate levels at the water supply source.

f. Use of PCBs in equipment used in production, storage or distribution of water.

Table 9C Footnote 7 The State may allow systems to composite samples in accordance with the conditions in Appendix 5-C.

Table 9C Footnote 8 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Table 9C Footnote 9 If a contaminant is detected, repeat analysis must include all analytes contained in the approved analytical method in Appendix 5-C for the detected contaminant.

Table 9C Footnote 10 Detected as used in the table shall be defined as reported by the State approved laboratory to be greater than or equal to the method detection levels as specified in Appendix 5-C.

TABLE 9D-ORGANIC CHEMICALS-POCs
MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

Contaminant	Specific Contaminants for Analysis
POCs	benzene¹ bromobenzene bromochloromethane bromomethane n-butylbenzene sec-butylbenzene tert-butylbenzene carbon tetrachloride¹ chlorobenzene¹ chloroethane chloromethane 2-chlorotoluene 4-chlorotoluene dibromomethane 1,2-dichlorobenzene¹ 1,3-dichlorobenzene 1,4-dichlorobenzene¹ dichlorodifluoromethane 1,1-dichloroethane 1,2-dichloroethane¹ 1,1-dichloroethene¹ cis-1,2-dichloroethene¹ trans-1,2-dichloroethene¹ 1,2-dichloropropane¹ 1,3-dichloropropane 2,2-dichloropropane 1,1-dichloropropene	cis-1,3-dichloropropene trans-1,3-dichloropropene ethylbenzene¹ hexachlorobutadiene isopropylbenzene p-isopropyltoluene methylene chloride¹ n-propylbenzene styrene¹ 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane tetrachloroethene¹ toluene¹ 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene¹ 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene 1,1,1-trichloroethane¹ 1,1,2-trichloroethane¹ trichloroethene¹ trichlorofluoromethane 1,2,3-trichloropropane 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene m-xylene¹ o-xylene¹ p-xylene¹

Table 9D Footnote 1 Notification must contain mandatory health effect language.

TABLE 10-TURBIDITY
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS¹

Contaminant	Type of water system	Source type
Contaminant	Type of water system	Ground water only	Surface only, Surface and ground water or groundwater directly influenced by surface water.
Entry point turbidity	Community	State discretion²	Collect and analyze one sample per day from each entry point. All results must be recorded to two significant figures.
Entry point turbidity	Noncommunity	State discretion²	Collect and analyze one sample annually. Monitoring requirement may be increased at State discretion.²
Distribution system turbidity	Community	State discretion²	Five samples each week distribution unless otherwise determined by the State. No two samples may be obtained on the same day and no two samples are to be collected from the same distribution point during the week.
Distribution system turbidity	Noncommunity	State discretion²	State discretion²

Table 10 Footnote 1 The requirements of this table apply to unfiltered systems that the State has determined, in writing pursuant to section 5-1.30 of this Subpart, must install filtration. These requirements only apply until filtration is installed.

Table 10 Footnote 2 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 10A-TURBIDITY
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

Contaminant	Type of water system	Source type
Contaminant	Type of water system	Ground water	Surface water¹
Filtered water turbidity	Community and Noncommunity	Not applicable	Continuous monitoring for composite filter effluent and individual filters.²^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,
Raw water turbidity	Unfiltered surface: Community and Noncommunity	Not applicable	Every four hours or continuous monitoring⁵
Distribution point turbidity	Community	State discretion⁶	Five distribution samples each week unless otherwise determined by the State. No two samples are to be collected from the same distribution point during the same week.
Distribution point turbidity	Noncommunity	State discretion⁶	State discretion⁶

Table 10A Footnote 1 Surface water sources or groundwater sources directly influenced by surface water.

Table 10A Footnote 2 Effective January 1, 2002 systems serving 10,000 or more people must record the results of individual filter monitoring every fifteen minutes, and combined filter effluent every four hours. Effective January 14, 2005 systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons must record the results of individual filter monitoring every fifteen minutes, and combined filter effluent every four hours. Until January 14, 2005, systems serving fewer than 10,000 persons must continuously monitor the composite filter effluent turbidity, or record the turbidity every four hours. The state may allow systems with two filters to monitor the combined filter effluent continuously (recording every 15 minutes) in lieu of monitoring individual filter turbidity. Results of individual filter monitoring must be maintained for at least three years.

Table 10A Footnote 3 If there is a failure in the continuous turbidity monitoring equipment, the system must conduct grab sampling every four hours instead of continuous monitoring, but for no more than five working days following the failure of the equipment.

Table 10A Footnote 4 For systems using slow sand filtration or filtration treatment, other than conventional treatment, direct filtration or D.E. filtration, the State may reduce sampling frequency to once per day if it determines that less frequent monitoring is sufficient to indicate effective filtration performance.

Table 10A Footnote 5 If a system uses continuous monitoring, it must use the turbidity values recorded every four hours to determine if a treatment technique violation occurs, unless the State has approved in writing a different time interval.

Table 10A Footnote 6 State discretion shall mean requiring monitoring when the State has reason to believe the MCL has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Effective Date: November 9, 2011

TABLE 11-Microbiological Minimum Monitoring Requirements (Refer to Table 11B following any positive samples) ¹ ² ³ ⁴

Contaminant	Type of Water system	Number of samples based on population
Contaminant	Type of Water system	Population Served	Minimum number of samples per month⁴	Population Served	Minimum number of samples per month⁴
Total coliform in distribution system⁵	Community	Up to 1,000⁶	1	59,001 to 70,000	70
		1,001 to 2,500	2	70,001 to 83,000	80
		2,501 to 3,300	3	83,001 to 96,000	90
		3,301 to 4,100	4	96,001 to 130,000	100
		4,101 to 4,900	5	130,001 to 220,000	120
		4,901 to 5,800	6	220,001 to 320,000	150
		5,801 to 6,700	7	320,001 to 450,000	180
		6,701 to 7,600	8	450,001 to 600,000	210
		7,601 to 8,500	9	600,001 to 780,000	240
		8,501 to 12,900	10	780,001 to 970,000	270
		12,901 to 17,200	15	970,001 to 1,230,000	300
		17,201 to 21,500	20	1,230,001 to 1,520,000	330
		21,501 to 25,000	25	1,520,001 to 1,850,000	360
		25,001 to 33,000	30	1,850,001 to 2,270,000	390
		33,001 to 41,000	40	2,270,001 to 3,020,000	420
		41,001 to 50,000	50	3,020,001 to 3,960,000	450
		50,001 to 59,000	60	3,960,001 or more	480
	Noncommunity using surface water or ground water directly influenced by surface water	All	Same as Community
	Noncommunity using only ground water not directly influenced by surface water	≤ 1,000 > 1,000	Quarterly Same as Community
Escherichia coli (E. coli)	Community and Noncommunity	All	Any routine or repeat samples that are coliform positive must be analyzed for E. coli.⁴
Fecal Indicator in Raw Source Water⁷	All ground water systems unless providing 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring	All	State discretion⁸

Table 11 Footnote 1 Public water systems must collect total coliform samples at sites which are representative of water throughout the distribution system and throughout the reporting period according to a written monitoring plan which is subject of State review and revision as described in subdivision 5-1.51(c) of this Subpart.

Table 11 Footnote 2 Public water systems using surface water or groundwater directly influenced by surface water, and which do not provide filtration, must collect and analyze at least one sample for total coliforms near the first service connection each day the turbidity level of the raw water exceeds 1.49 NTU. This sample shall be collected within 24 hours. Results of this sample must be included in determining compliance with the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of total coliforms in Table 6 of this section.

Table 11 Footnote 3 Samples taken to determine disinfection practices after pipe repair, replacement, etc. are not to be used for determining MCL compliance for total coliforms in Table 6 of this section.

Table 11 Footnote 4 See Table 11B for repeat sampling requirements following any total coliform or E. coli positive samples.

Table 11 Footnote 5 If chlorine or chloramines are used as the disinfectant, a chlorine residual determination shall be made at the same time and location that the sample is collected for total coliform analysis. Monitoring for heterotrophic bacteria may be substituted for free chlorine residuals. A heterotrophic plate count result equal to or less than 500 colonies per milliliter is considered to be equivalent to a measurable free chlorine residual.

Table 11 Footnote 6 The State may, in writing, reduce the monitoring frequency to quarterly for a community water system serving 1,000 or fewer persons if the system has no history of total coliform contamination and a sanitary survey conducted in the past five years shows that the system is supplied solely by a protected groundwater source and the system and groundwater source are free of sanitary defects. Systems that have been granted a disinfection waiver are not eligible for reduced monitoring frequency.

Table 11 Footnote 7 Fecal indicators include Escherichia coli (E. coli), enterococci, and coliphage. Only E. coli testing will be required, unless otherwise directed by the State.

Table 11 Footnote 8 State discretion shall mean that monitoring is required when the State has reason to believe the Maximum Contaminant Level or Treatment Technique (MCL/TT) has been violated, the potential exists for an MCL/TT violation or the contaminant may present a risk to public health.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 11A-MICROBIOLOGICAL/FILTRATION AVOIDANCE CRITERIA
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS¹

Contaminant²	Type of water system	Population served	Minimum number of samples per week ³ ⁴
Raw water fecal or total coliform	Community and Noncommunity	Up to 500 501 to 3,300 3,301 to 10,000 10,001 to 25,000 25,001 or more	1 2 3 4 5

Table 11A Footnote 1 The monitoring requirement applies to surface water sources and ground water sources directly influenced by surface water.

Table 11A Footnote 2 Either fecal or total coliform density measurements are acceptable. If both analyses are performed, the fecal coliform results will take precedence.

Table 11A Footnote 3 Monitoring sampling must be performed on separate days.

Table 11A Footnote 4 Samples must be taken and analyzed every day the system serves water to the public and the turbidity of the raw water exceeds 1.49 NTU. The samples count toward the weekly sampling requirement.

Effective Date: November 9, 2011

TABLE 11B-Repeat Microbiological Sampling Requirements following Total Coliform Positive and/or Fecal Indicator Positive Sample(s)¹

Type of Positive Sample	Type of Water System/Source	System Size	Number of Repeat Samples Required within 24 hours of notification	Sampling Location	Required action for positive repeat samples
Routine total coliform sample(s) from distribution system positive	Surface water, GWUDI², or ground water performing 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring	More than one service connection	Four distribution system samples	The same sampling site where the original coliform-positive sample was collected, one sample within five service connections upstream, one sample within five service connections downstream and one sample taken at random in the distribution system.	Distribution sampling must be repeated until total coliform is not detected in repeat samples or it is determined that the MCL has been violated.³
		One service connection	One distribution system sample⁴	Original sampling location
	Ground water system or ground water source not providing (or not documenting) 4-log virus treatment⁵	Population >1,000	Four distribution system samples and source water sample(s) collected in accordance with a State-approved sampling plan⁶	The same distribution system sampling site where the original coliform-positive sample was collected, one sample within five service connections upstream, one sample within five service connections downstream and one sample taken at random in the distribution system. An additional sample must be collected from each raw water source or according to State approved sampling plan.^6,7	Distribution sampling must be repeated until total coliform is not detected in repeat samples or it is determined that the MCL has been violated.³
		Population ≤1,000 and more than one service connection	Four samples, three at specified locations in the distribution system and one sample to characterize raw water quality. Additional raw water samples according to approved sampling plan if multiple sources are in use. ⁵^,⁸	The same distribution system sampling site where the original coliform-positive sample was collected, one sample within five service connections upstream, and one sample within five service connections downstream. A fourth sample can be taken at random in the distribution system or collected from a single raw water source. An additional sample must be collected from each raw water source or according to State approved sampling plan.^6,7,8
		One service connection	One distribution system sample and source water sample(s) in accordance with a State-approved sampling plan^4,6,8	Original sampling location. An additional sample must be collected from each raw water source or according to State approved sampling plan.^6,7,8
		Wholesale System of any size	After notification by consecutive system of total coliform-positive sample^6,7,9,11	Collect one raw water sample at each source or in accordance with a State-approved sampling plan.^6,7,9	As directed by State¹⁰
Source water sample(s) fecal indicator positive^{7, 10}	Ground water system or ground water source not providing or not documenting 4-log virus treatment	All	Five raw water samples for fecal indicator or immediate corrective action as directed by State^6,9,11	Fecal indicator sampling from source or sources with initial fecal indicator positive samples^6,7	As directed by State^10,11

Table 11B Footnote 1 After any total coliform positive sample from the distribution system, the system must collect repeat samples on the same day and within 24 hours of being notified.

Table 11B Footnote 2 GWUDI = Ground Water Under the Direct Influence of surface water

Table 11B Footnote 3 The month following repeat sample collection, the system must collect a minimum of five routine distribution system samples. The State may waive, in writing, the requirement to collect five routine samples the next month the system provides water to the public, if the State carries out an onsite visit before the end of the next month and the State determines why the sample was total coliform positive and establishes that the system has corrected the problem. The State cannot waive the requirement to collect five routine samples solely on the basis that all the repeat samples were total coliform negative. Before the end of the next month the system serves water to the public, at least one routine sample to determine compliance with the MCL must be collected by the system as required in Table 11. If the State determines that the system has corrected the problem that allowed the total coliform contamination and if all repeat samples were total coliform negative, only the routine samples will be required the following month.

Table 11B Footnote 4 The sample may be collected in four (4) bottles of equal sample volume taken consecutively from the same tap, or a single bottle four (4) times the minimum sample volume. If E. coli is used as the fecal indicator at a ground water system, a single sample of three (3) times the minimum sample volume or three (3) bottles of minimum required sample volume may be collected consecutively from the tap and the fourth sample collected from the raw water source. This source water sample result must be used to determine compliance with all Table 6 requirements.

Table 11B Footnote 5 If a consecutive system purchasing (or otherwise obtaining) ground water from a wholesale system has a total coliform-positive sample from the distribution system, the system must notify the wholesale system and collect distribution system repeat samples as specified in Table 11B within 24 hours. The wholesale system must collect raw source water sample(s) unless the system provides 4-log virus treatment at peak flow before or at the first customer as confirmed through process compliance monitoring.

Table 11B Footnote 6 Sampling plan requirements are given in subdivision 5-1.51 (c) of this Subpart.

Table 11B Footnote 7 Fecal indicators include E. coli, enterococci and coliphage. Sampling for fecal indicators other than E.coli is at State discretion.

Table 11B Footnote 8 A system with a single well may collect a single raw water sample to serve as both a distribution repeat sample to replace the "at random" location sample and a raw water sample taken following a routine total coliform positive sample, if E. coli is used as the fecal indicator. If this dual-purpose source water sample is collected, the sample result must be used to determine compliance with all Table 6 requirements.

Table 11B Footnote 9 Wholesale system source water sampling requirements are in addition to distribution system sampling requirements for consecutive systems.

Table 11B Footnote 10 In the event of a fecal indicator positive sample from the raw source water, the state must be notified immediately and may require immediate corrective action. In no case will notification be later than 24 hours as described in paragraph 5-1.78(d)(4) of this Subpart.

Table 11B Footnote 11 If a ground water wholesale system does not perform 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring, and has a fecal indicator positive sample from a raw source water, the system must notify any consecutive systems as well as any of its own customers.

Effective Date: December 21, 2005

TABLE 12-RADIOLOGICAL
MINIMUM MONITORING REQUIREMENTS

Contaminant	Type of water system	Monitoring Requirement¹
Contaminant	Type of water system	Initial	Reduced monitoring²^,³
Combined Ra-226 and Ra-228, uranium and gross alpha particle activity	Community	Four consecutive quarterly samples at every entry point before December 31, 2007.⁴^,⁵^,⁶	One sample every nine years at every entry point when monitoring results are below the detection limit.⁷^,⁸ One sample every six years at every entry point when monitoring results are at or above the detection limit but below half of the MCL.⁷^,⁸ One sample every three years at every entry point when monitoring results are above half of the MCL but at or below the MCL.⁷^,⁸
Beta particle and photon radioactivity from manmade radionuclides	Community systems designated by the State as vulnerable⁹	Quarterly samples for beta particle and annual samples for tritium and Sr-90, beginning within one quarter after being notified by the State.¹⁰^,¹¹	If the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring K-40 beta particle activity at a sampling point has a running annual average (computed quarterly) less than or equal to 50 pCi/L (screening level), the State may reduce the frequency of monitoring at that sampling point to once every 3 years.¹⁴^,¹⁵
	Community systems designated by the State as utilizing waters contaminated by effluents from nuclear facilities⁹	Quarterly samples for beta emitters and I-131 and annual samples for tritium and Sr-90, beginning within one quarter after being notified by the State.¹⁰^,¹¹^,¹²^,¹³	If the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring K-40 beta particle activity at a sampling point has a running annual average (computed quarterly) less than or equal to 15 pCi/L (screening level), the State may reduce the frequency of monitoring at that sampling point to once every 3 years.¹⁴^,¹⁵

Table 12 Footnote 1 All radiological samples must be collected at every entry point to distribution system (EPTDS).

Table 12 Footnote 2 The State may allow systems to reduce the frequency of monitoring based on initial monitoring or historical results as noted in footnote 4 below.

Table 12 Footnote 3 Systems on a reduced monitoring schedule must perform quarterly sampling if a sample result exceeds the MCL.

Table 12 Footnote 4 The State may allow historical monitoring data collected between June 2000 and December 8, 2003 for systems with:
(1) only one entry point to the distribution system;
(2) multiple entry points and having appropriate historical monitoring data for each entry point to the distribution system;
(3) appropriate historical data for a representative point in the distribution system, provided that the State finds that the historical data satisfactorily demonstrate that each entry point to the distribution system is expected to be in compliance based upon the historical data and reasonable assumptions about the variability of contaminant levels between entry points.

Table 12 Footnote 5 The State may waive the final two quarters of initial monitoring for a sampling point if the results of the samples from the previous two quarters are below the detection limit as described in the Appendix 5-C.

Table 12 Footnote 6 If the average of the initial monitoring results for a sampling point is above the MCL, the system must collect and analyze quarterly samples at the sampling point until the system has results from four consecutive quarters that are at or below the MCL.

Table 12 Footnote 7 A gross alpha particle activity measurement may be substituted for the required radium-226 measurement provided that the measured gross alpha particle activity does not exceed 5 pCi/l. A gross alpha particle activity measurement may be substituted for the required uranium measurement provided that the measured gross alpha particle activity does not exceed 15 pCi/l. The gross alpha measurement shall have a confidence interval of 95 % (1.65σ, where σ is the standard deviation of the net counting rate of the sample) for radium-226 and uranium. When a system uses a gross alpha particle activity measurement in lieu of a radium-226 and/or uranium measurement, the gross alpha particle activity analytical result will be used to determine the future monitoring frequency for radium-226 and/or uranium. If the gross alpha particle activity result is less than detection, ½ the detection limit can be used to substitute to radium-226 and determine compliance for future monitoring frequency.

Table 12 Footnote 8 Radium-228 measurement can not be substituted by the gross alpha particle activity result.

Table 12 Footnote 9 For systems in the vicinity of a nuclear facility, the State may allow the CWS to utilize environmental surveillance data collected by the nuclear facility in lieu of monitoring the systems entry point(s), where the State determines that such data is applicable.

Table 12 Footnote 10 Systems already designated by the State must continue to sample until the State reviews and either reaffirms or removes the designation.

Table 12 Footnote 11 Quarterly monitoring for gross beta particle activity shall be based on the analysis of monthly samples or the analysis of a composite of three monthly samples.

Table 12 Footnote 12 Annual monitoring for Sr-90 and tritium shall be conducted by means of the analysis of a composite of four consecutive quarterly samples or analysis of four quarterly samples.

Table 12 Footnote 13 For iodine-131, a composite of five consecutive daily samples shall be analyzed once each quarter. As ordered by the State, more frequent monitoring shall be conducted when iodine-131 is identified in the finished water.

Table 12 Footnote 14 Systems must collect all samples for beta emitters, tritium and strontium-90 during the reduced monitoring period.

Table 12 Footnote 15 A system that exceeds the gross beta particle activity minus the naturally occurring potassium-40 beta particle screening level (50 pCi/L for vulnerable systems or 15 pCi/L for systems utilizing waters contaminated by effluents from nuclear facilities), must further analyze the sample for the major radioactive constituents. The potassium-40 beta particle activity must be calculated by multiplying elemental potassium concentrations in mg/L by a factor of 0.82.

Effective Date: May 26, 2004

TABLE 13-REQUIRED NOTIFICATIONS

Contaminant/Situation(Subpart 5-1 citations)	Single sample exceeds MCL/MRDL¹	MCL/MRDL/TT¹ violation	Failure to meet monitoring requirements and/or failure to use applicable testing procedure
Public Health Hazard (section 5-1.1(bc))²	Not applicable	State Tier 1	State Tier 1
Escherichia coli (E. coli) in distribution system (section 5-1.52 tables 6, 11 and 11B)	³State Not applicable, or ⁴Tier 1	State Tier 1	State ⁵Tier 3, or Tier 1
E. Coli or other fecal indicator detected in ground water source at system not providing both 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring (section 5-1.52 tables 6, 11 and 11B)	²^,³^,⁵^,⁶Tier 1	⁶Tier 1	State ²^,⁵^,⁷Tier 3, or Tier 1
Total Coliform (section 5-1.52 tables 6, 11 and 11B)	Not applicable	⁸State ⁹Tier 2, or Tier 1	State ²^,⁵^,⁷ Tier 3, or Tier 2 as directed by State
Entry Point Turbidity monthly average (section 5-1.52 tables 4 and 10)	¹⁰State	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Entry Point Turbidity two day average (section 5-1.52 tables 4 and 10)	State	State ¹¹Tier 2, or Tier 1	State Tier 3
Raw Water Turbidity (section 5-1.30(d) and section 5-1.52 table 10A)	State	State ¹¹Tier 2, or Tier 1	State Tier 3
Filtered Water Turbidity Single exceedance of the maximum allowable Turbidity level (section 5-1.52 tables 4A and 10A)	State	State ¹¹Tier 2, or Tier 1	State Tier 3
Filtered Water Turbidity Treatment Technique violation (section 5-1.52 tables 4A and 10A)	Not applicable	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Distribution Point Turbidity (section 5-1.52 tables 5, 10 and 10A)	Not applicable	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
¹²^,¹³Treatment Technique violations other than turbidity (subdivisions 5-1.12, 5-1.30 and 5-1.71(d))	Not applicable	State ²^,¹³Tier 2, or Tier 1	State ¹³Tier 3
¹⁴Free chlorine residual less than 0.2 mg/L at the entry point (subdivision 5-1.30(d))	Not applicable	State	Not applicable
¹⁵Free chlorine residual less than required minimum for a ground water system or ground water source required to provide 4-log virus treatment (subdivision 5-1.30(a))	Not applicable	State ⁹Tier 2, or Tier 1	Tier 2
Inorganic chemicals and physical characteristics listed in Tables 8A and 8B (section 5-1.52 tables 1, 8A, and 8B)	State	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Chloride, iron, manganese, silver, sulfate, and zinc (section 5-1.52 tables 1 and 8D)	Not applicable	State Tier 3	State Tier 3
Sodium (section 5-1.52 tables 1 and 8D)	State if the level exceeds 20 mg/L	Tier 2 if the level exceeds 270 mg/L	Tier 3
Nitrate, Nitrite, Total Nitrate and Nitrite (section 5-1.52 tables 2 and 8C)	State	State Tier 1	State ¹⁶Tier 1, or Tier 3
Lead and Copper (sections 5-1.40 to 1.49)	Not applicable	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Organic Chemicals Group 1 and 2 (section 5-1.52 table 9C)	State	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Principal Organic Contaminants Unspecified Organic Contaminants Total POCs and UOCs (section 5-1.52 tables 3, 9B and 9D)	State	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Radiological Contaminants (section 5-1.52 tables 7 and 12)	State	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Monitoring and Control of Disinfection Byproduct Precursors (section 5-1.60 to 5-1.64)	Not applicable	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Disinfectant residuals Chlorine and Chloramine (section 5-1.52 tables 3A and 15)	State	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Disinfectant residual Chlorine dioxide At entry point (section 5-1.52 tables 3A and 15)	State	State Tier 2	State ¹⁷Tier 3, or Tier 2
Disinfectant residual Chlorine dioxide In distribution system (section 5-1.52 tables 3A and 15)	State	State ¹⁸Tier 1	State ¹⁸Tier 1
Disinfection byproducts Trihalomethanes Haloacetic acids (Tables 3 and 9A) and Bromate and Chlorite (section 5-1.52 tables 1 and 8B)	Not applicable	State Tier 2	State Tier 3
Acrylamide and Epichlorohydrin (section 5-1.51(j))	Not applicable	State Tier 2	Not applicable
Operation under a variance or exemption	Not applicable	Tier 3	Not applicable
Violation of conditions of a variance or exemption	Not applicable	State Tier 2	Not applicable
Disruption of water service of four hours or more (section 5-1.23(b))	Not applicable	¹⁹State	Not applicable

Table 13 Footnote 1 MCL-maximum contaminant level, MRDL-maximum residual disinfectant level, TT-treatment technique

Table 13 Footnote 2 Community systems must describe in their annual water supply statement (5-1.72(e)), prepared in accordance with section 5-1.72(f), any Public Health Hazard that is determined to be a violation, or any uncorrected significant deficiency, and indicate whether corrective action is completed. This notice must be repeated every year until the annual report documents that corrective action is completed in accordance with section 5-1.22 of this Subpart.

Table 13 Footnote 3 State notification must be made by the supplier of water within 24 hours of learning of an E. coli positive sample.

Table 13 Footnote 4 Public notification normally does not have to be issued for an E. coli positive sample prior to the results of the repeat samples. However, there may be situations where the State determines that a Tier 1 notification is necessary to protect the public health. The supplier of water must provide the Tier 1 notification no later than 24 hours after learning of the State's determination.

Table 13 Footnote 5 Failure to test for E. coli requires a Tier 1 notification if testing is not done after any repeat sample tests positive for coliform. All other E. coli monitoring and testing procedure violations require Tier 3 notification.

Table 13 Footnote 6 At a ground water system, Tier 1 notification is required after initial detection of E. coli or other fecal indicator in raw source water, if system does not provide 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring. Confirmation of E. coli or other fecal indicator in the source water requires Tier 1 notification. Failure to take confirmatory samples may be a public health hazard requiring Tier 1 notification.

Table 13 Footnote 7 Notice of the fecal indicator positive raw water samplemust be made in the annual water supply statement (5-1.72(e)), until the annual report documents that corrective action is completed.

Table 13 Footnote 8 State notification must be made by the supplier of water within 24 hours of learning of the violation.

Table 13 Footnote 9 Tier 2 notification is normally required, however, there may be situations where the State determines that a Tier 1 notification is necessary to protect the public health. The supplier of water must provide the Tier 1 notification no later than 24 hours after learning of the State's determination.

Table 13 Footnote 10 If the daily entry point analysis exceeds one NTU, a repeat sample must be taken as soon as practicable and preferably within one hour. If the repeat sample exceeds one NTU, the supplier of water must make state notification.

Table 13 Footnote 11 Systems must consult with the State within 24 hours after learning of the violation. Based on this consultation, the State may subsequently decide to elevate the violation from a Tier 2 to a Tier 1 notification. If consultation does not take place within the 24 hour period, the water system must distribute a Tier 1 notification no later than 48 hours after the system learns of the violation.

Table 13 Footnote 12 These violations include the following: failure to comply with the treatment technique or monitoring requirements in section 5-1.30(a), (b), (c), and (g) of this Subpart; failure to comply with the avoidance criteria in section 5-1.30(c) of this Subpart; and failure to install filtration or disinfection treatment facilities required by section 5-1.30 of this Subpart; failure to report to the state information required in section 5-1.72(c)(3) of this Subpart; and failure to maintain records required in section 5-1.72(c)(7) of this Subpart.

Table 13 Footnote 13 Any significant deficiency that is not corrected or where correction has not begun according to a State-approved corrective action plan within 120 days, or as directed by the State, is a treatment technique violation and must be addressed in accordance with the requirements in section 5-1.12. If the deficiency is a public health hazard, the deficiency must be addressed as directed by the State and Tier 1 notification is required.

Table 13 Footnote 14 Applies to systems that have surface water or groundwater directly influenced by surface water as a source and use chlorine. The system must make State notification whether the residual was restored to at least 0.2 mg/L within four hours.

Table 13 Footnote 15 Required minimum chlorine residual at point that demonstrates adequate CT for disinfected water from ground water sources at first customer.

Table 13 Footnote 16 Failure to take a confirmation sample within 24 hours for nitrate or nitrite after an initial sample exceeds the MCL requires a Tier 1 notification. Other monitoring violations for nitrate or nitrite require a Tier 3 notification.

Table 13 Footnote 17 Failure to monitor for chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution system the day after exceeding the MRDL at the entrance to the distribution system requires a Tier 2 notification. Other monitoring violations for chlorine dioxide at the entrance to the distribution system require a Tier 3 notification.

Table 13 Footnote 18 If any daily sample taken at the entrance to the distribution system exceeds the MRDL for chlorine dioxide and one or more samples taken in the distribution system the next day exceed the MRDL, Tier 1 notification is required. Failure to take the required samples in the distribution system the day after the MRDL is exceeded at the entry point also triggers Tier 1 notification.

Table 13 Footnote 19 Tier 1 notification is required if the situation meets the definition of a public health hazard.

TABLE 14A-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 0.5 DEGREES CELSIUS OR LOWER*

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)                    pH 
                            <=6.0   6.5   7.0   7.5   8.0   8.5   9.0
<=0.4                         137   163   195   237   277   329   390 
 0.6                          141   168   200   239   286   342   407 
 0.8                          145   172   205   246   295   354   422 
 1.0                          148   176   210   253   304   365   437 
 1.2                          152   180   215   259   313   376   451 
 1.4                          155   184   221   266   321   387   464 
 1.6                          157   189   226   273   329   397   477 
 1.8                          162   193   231   279   338   407   489 
 2.0                          165   197   236   286   346   417   500 
 2.2                          169   201   242   297   353   426   511 
 2.4                          172   205   247   298   361   435   522 
 2.6                          175   209   252   304   368   444   533 
 2.8                          178   213   257   310   375   452   543 
 3.0                          181   217   261   316   382   460   552

* These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT_99.9 value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14B-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 5.0 DEGREES CELSIUS*

 Free chlorine residual (mg/l)                    pH 
                              6.0   6.5   7.0   7.5   8.0   8.5   9.0 
 0.4                          97    117   139   166   198   236   279 
 0.6                          100   120   143   171   204   244   291 
 0.8                          103   122   146   175   210   252   301 
 1.0                          105   125   149   179   216   260   312 
 1.2                          107   127   152   183   221   267   320 
 1.4                          109   130   155   187   227   274   329 
 1.6                          111   132   158   192   232   281   337 
 1.8                          114   135   162   196   238   287   345 
 2.0                          116   138   165   200   243   294   353 
 2.2                          118   140   169   204   248   300   361 
 2.4                          120   143   172   209   253   306   368 
 2.6                          122   146   175   213   258   312   375 
 2.8                          124   148   178   217   263   318   382 
 3.0                          126   151   182   221   268   324   389

* These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated pH values may be determined by linear interpolation. CT values between the indicated temperatures of different tables may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT{99.9} value at the lower temperature, and at the higher pH.

TABLE 14C-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 10.0 DEGREES CELSIUS*

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)                    pH
                              6.0   6.5   7.0   7.5   8.0   8.5   9.0
 0.4                           73    88   104   125   149   177   209
 0.6                           75    90   107   128   153   183   218
 0.8                           78    92   110   131   158   189   226
 1.0                           79    94   112   134   162   195   234
 1.2                           80    95   114   137   166   200   240
 1.4                           82    98   116   140   170   206   247
 1.6                           83    99   119   144   174   211   253
 1.8                           86   101   122   147   179   215   259
 2.0                           87   104   124   150   182   221   265
 2.2                           89   105   127   153   186   225   271
 2.4                           90   107   129   157   190   230   276
 2.6                           92   110   131   160   194   234   281
 2.8                           93   111   134   163   197   239   287
 3.0                           95   113   137   166   201   243   292

TABLE 14D-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 15.0 DEGREES CELSIUS*

 Free chlorine residual (mg/l)                    pH 
                              6.0   6.5   7.0   7.5   8.0   8.5   9.0 
 0.4                           49    59    70    83    99   118   140 
 0.6                           50    60    72    86   102   122   146
 0.8                           52    61    73    88   105   126   151
 1.0                           53    63    75    90   108   130   156
 1.2                           54    64    76    92   111   134   160
 1.4                           55    65    78    94   114   137   165
 1.6                           56    66    79    96   116   141   169
 1.8                           57    68    81    98   119   144   173
 2.0                           58    69    83   100   122   147   177
 2.2                           59    70    85   102   124   150   181
 2.4                           60    72    86   105   127   153   184
 2.6                           61    73    88   107   129   156   188
 2.8                           62    74    89   109   132   159   191
 3.0                           63    76    91   111   134   162   195

TABLE 14E-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 20.0 DEGREES CELSIUS*

Free chlorine residual (mg/l)                    pH
                               6.0   6.5   7.0  7.5   8.0   8.5   9.0
 0.4                           36    44    52    62    74    89   105 
 0.6                           38    45    54    64    77    92   109
 0.8                           39    46    55    66    79    95   113 
 1.0                           39    47    56    67    81    98   117
 1.2                           40    48    57    69    83   100   120
 1.4                           41    49    58    70    85   103   123
 1.6                           42    50    59    72    87   105   126
 1.8                           43    51    61    74    89   108   129 
 2.0                           44    52    62    75    91   110   132 
 2.2                           44    53    63    77    93   113   135 
 2.4                           45    54    65    78    95   115   138 
 2.6                           46    55    66    80    97   117   141 
 2.8                           47    56    67    81    99   119   143 
 3.0                           47    57    68    83   101   122   146

TABLE 14F-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY FREE CHLORINE AT 25.0 DEGREES CELSIUS AND HIGHER*

 Free chlorine residual (mg/l)                    pH 
                               6.0   6.5   7.0   7.5   8.0  8.5   9.0 
 0.4                           24    29    35    42    50    59   70 
 0.6                           25    30    36    43    51    61   73 
 0.8                           26    31    37    44    53    63   75 
 1.0                           26    31    37    45    54    65   78 
 1.2                           27    32    38    46    55    67   80 
 1.4                           27    33    39    47    57    69   82 
 1.6                           28    33    40    48    58    70   84 
 1.8                           29    34    41    49    60    72   86 
 2.0                           29    35    41    50    61    74   88 
 2.2                           30    35    42    51    62    75   90 
 2.4                           30    36    43    52    63    77   92 
 2.6                           31    37    44    53    65    78   94 
 2.8                           31    37    45    54    66    80   96 
 3.0                           32    38    46    55    67    81   97

TABLE 14G-CT VALUES (CT_99.9) FOR 99.9 PERCENT INACTIVATION OF GIARDIA LAMBLIA CYSTS BY CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND OZONE¹ ²

			Degrees Celsius
	≤1	5	10	15	20	25
Chlorine dioxide	63	26	23	19	15	11
Ozone	2.9	1.9	1.4	0.95	0.72	0.48

Table14G Footnote 1 These CT values achieve greater than a 99.99 percent inactivation of viruses. CT values between the indicated temperatures may be determined by linear interpolation. If no interpolation is used, use the CT_99.9 value at the lower temperature for determining CT_99.9 values between indicated temperatures.

Table14G Footnote 2 The use of these alternative disinfectants shall be approved in accordance with the provisions of section 5-1.22 of this Subpart.

Effective Date: November 9, 2011

TABLE 15-Entry Point Disinfection Monitoring for Systems Using Chemical Disinfection¹

Water System Source Type	Population served	Samples per day⁴
Surface Water or Ground Water under the Direct Influence of Surface Water (GWUDI)²^,³	Up to 500	1
	501 - 1,000	2
	1,001 - 2,500	3
	2,501 - 3,300	4
	> 3,300	Continuous monitoring required⁵
Ground Water System or ground water source required to provide 4-log virus treatment and process compliance monitoring⁶^,⁷^,⁸	≤ 3,300	1⁹
	> 3,300	Continuous monitoring required⁵
Ground Water System or ground water source with other than 4-log virus treatment	Any	1⁹

Table 15 Footnote 1 See also Table 15A for distribution system disinfectant residual sampling locations and frequency depending on disinfectant used.

Table 15 Footnote 2 If at any time the chlorine residual concentration falls below 0.2 mg/l at the entry point for a surface water or GWUDI system, the system must collect and analyze a grab sample every four hours until the chlorine residual concentration is again equal to or greater than 0.2 mg/l.

Table 15 Footnote 3 Entry point samples collected at Surface Water or GWUDI systems

Table 15 Footnote 4 The day's grab samples may not be conducted at the same time.

Table 15 Footnote 5 If there is a failure in the continuous monitoring equipment, grab samples, every four hours, may be conducted in lieu of continuous monitoring, but for no more than five working days (fourteen working days for ground water systems) following the failure of the equipment.

Table 15 Footnote 6 If at any time the disinfectant concentration at a ground water system falls below the minimum required in the process compliance monitoring plan approved by the State, the system must collect and analyze a grab sample every four hours until the disinfectant residual concentration is again at or above minimum required levels, without exceeding other applicable concentration requirements in Table 3A.

Table 15 Footnote 7 Any ground water system required to provide 4-log virus treatment because of fecal contamination of the source or because of significant deficiencies in system operation, and using chemical disinfection, must demonstrate minimum disinfectant residual at a location that demonstrates adequate concentration to provide the required treatment at the first customer during peak flow according to the sampling plan developed for the system. These samples to confirm the minimum disinfection residual are to be collected at the frequency in this table.

Table 15 Footnote 8 Lowest daily concentration must be recorded on operation report.

Table 15 Footnote 9 A minimum of one disinfectant residual concentration must be recorded on operation report every day.

Effective Date: November 9, 2011

TABLE 15A-Disinfectant Residual Minimum Distribution Monitoring Requirements for Systems Using Chemical Disinfection

Disinfectant	Type of Water System	Routine Monitoring
Chlorine Chloramines	Community and Nontransient Noncommunity	Sample at the same time and same points in the distribution system as total coliform sampling¹
Chlorine Dioxide²	Community, Nontransient Noncommunity and Transient Noncommunity	Daily sample at the entrance to the distribution system³

Table 15A Footnote 1 Community Water Systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water may use heterotrophic plate count results of equal to or less than 500 colonies per milliliter as equivalent to a free chlorine residual as outlined in table 11, footnote 5 in lieu of taking separate samples for disinfection residuals.

Table 15A Footnote 2 Monitoring is required if chlorine dioxide is used for either oxidation or disinfection.

Table 15A Footnote 3 If the Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) of 0.8 mg/L is exceeded, the system must take three samples in the distribution system on the following day. If chlorine dioxide or chloramines are used to maintain a disinfectant residual in the distribution system, or if chlorine is used and there are no rechlorination stations, the system must take 3 samples as close to the first customer as possible, at intervals of at least 6 hours. If chlorine is used and there is a rechlorination station, the system must take one sample as close to the first customer as possible, one sample representing average residence time, and one sample representing maximum residence time.

Effective Date: November 9, 2011

TABLE 16-Additional Contaminants for which Reporting is Required Pursuant to 5-1.72(e)-(h) of this Subpart

Contaminant Name

2,4-dinitrotoluene
2,6-dinitrotoluene
DCPA monoacid
DCPA di acid
4,4'-DDE
EPTC
Molinate
MTBE
Nitrobenzene
Terbacil
Acetochlor
Perchlorate
Diuron
Linuron
Prometon
2,4,6-trichlorophenol
2,4-dichlorophenol
2,4-dinitrophenol
2-methyl-1-phenol
Alachlor ESA
1,2-diphenylhydrazine
Diazinon
Disulfoton
Fonofos
Terbufos
Aeromonas Hydrophilia
Polonium-210
RDX
Algae and toxins
Echoviruses
Coxsackie viruses
Helicobacter pylori
Microsporidia
Caliciviruses
Adenoviruses
Lead - 210
Napthalene

Effective Date: April 25, 2001

TABLE 17-Information Collection Rule Contaminant Reporting Requirements

Contaminant	Reporting Requirements for Finished Water
Total Trihalomethanes (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform)	Report as a group if detected
Haloacetic Acids (mono-, di-, and trichloroacetic acid, and mono- and di-bromoacetic acid)	Report as a group if detected
Haloacetilenitriles (dichloro-, trichloro-, bromochloro-, and dibromoacetonitrile)	Report as a group if detected
Haloketones (1,1-dichloropropanone and 1,1,1-trichloropropanine)	Report as a group if detected
Chloropicrin	Reporting required if detected
Chloral Hydrate	Reporting required if detected
Total Organic Halides	Reporting required if detected
Disinfectant Residual	Reporting required if detected
Cyanogen Chloride	Report if detected and treatment plant uses Chloramines
Chlorate	Report if detected and treatment plant uses Hypochlorite Solutions
Bromate, Aldehydes	Report if detected and treatment plant uses Ozone
Chlorine Dioxide residual, Chlorite, Chlorate, Bromate, Aldehydes	Report if detected and treatment plant uses Chlorine Dioxide
Total Coliforms	Report if detected
Fecal Coliforms or Escherichia coli	Report if detected
Giardia	Report if detected
Total Culturable Viruses	Report if detected

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